Router adalah sebuah alat jaringan komputer yang mengirimkan paket data melalui sebuah jaringan atau Internet menuju tujuannya, melalui sebuah proses yang dikenal sebagai routing. Proses routing terjadi pada lapisan 3 (Lapisan jaringan seperti Internet Protocol) dari stack protokol tujuh-lapis OSI.
Fungsi
Router berfungsi sebagai penghubung antar dua atau lebih jaringan untuk meneruskan data dari satu jaringan ke jaringan lainnya. Router berbeda dengan switch. Switch merupakan penghubung beberapa alat untuk membentuk suatu Local Area Network (LAN).
Sebagai ilustrasi perbedaan fungsi dari router dan switch adalah switch merupakan suatu jalanan, dan router merupakan penghubung antar jalan. Masing-masing rumah berada pada jalan yang memiliki alamat dalam suatu urutan tertentu. Dengan cara yang sama, switch menghubungkan berbagai macam alat, dimana masing-masing alat memiliki alamat IP sendiri pada sebuah LAN.
Router sangat banyak digunakan dalam jaringan berbasis teknologi protokol TCP/IP, dan router jenis itu disebut juga dengan IP Router. Selain IP Router, ada lagi AppleTalk Router, dan masih ada beberapa jenis router lainnya. Internet merupakan contoh utama dari sebuah jaringan yang memiliki banyak router IP. Router dapat digunakan untuk menghubungkan banyak jaringan kecil ke sebuah jaringan yang lebih besar, yang disebut dengan internetwork, atau untuk membagi sebuah jaringan besar ke dalam beberapa subnetwork untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan juga mempermudah manajemennya. Router juga kadang digunakan untuk mengoneksikan dua buah jaringan yang menggunakan media yang berbeda (seperti halnya router wireless yang pada umumnya selain ia dapat menghubungkan komputer dengan menggunakan radio, ia juga mendukung penghubungan komputer dengan kabel UTP), atau berbeda arsitektur jaringan, seperti halnya dari Ethernet ke Token Ring.
Router juga dapat digunakan untuk menghubungkan LAN ke sebuah layanan telekomunikasi seperti halnya telekomunikasi leased line atau Digital Subscriber Line (DSL). Router yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan LAN ke sebuah koneksi leased line seperti T1, atau T3, sering disebut sebagai access server. Sementara itu, router yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan jaringan lokal ke sebuah koneksi DSL disebut juga dengan DSL router. Router-router jenis tersebut umumnya memiliki fungsi firewall untuk melakukan penapisan paket berdasarkan alamat sumber dan alamat tujuan paket tersebut, meski beberapa router tidak memilikinya. Router yang memiliki fitur penapisan paket disebut juga dengan packet-filtering router. Router umumnya memblokir lalu lintas data yang dipancarkan secara broadcast sehingga dapat mencegah adanya broadcast storm yang mampu memperlambat kinerja jaringan.
Jenis-jenis router
Secara umum, router dibagi menjadi dua buah jenis, yakni:
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Senin, 2008 Juli 14
Router
Minggu, 2008 Juli 13
Adobe Photoshop CS3 Extended
New Features Of The New Adobe Photoshop CS3 Extended Edition:
Nondestructive editing
Edit nondestructively with new Smart Filters, which let you visualize different image effects, and Smart Objects, which let you scale, rotate, and warp raster and vector graphics all without altering the original pixel data.
Rich painting and drawing toolset
Create or modify images with a wide assortment of professional, fully customizable paint settings, artistic brushes, and drawing tools.
Advanced compositing
Create more accurate composites by automatically aligning multiple Adobe® Photoshop® layers or images based on similar content. The Auto-align Layers command quickly analyzes details and moves, rotates, or warps layers to align them perfectly, and the Auto-blend Layers command blends the color and shading to create a smooth, editable result.
3D compositing and texture editing
Easily render and incorporate rich 3D content into your 2D composites — even edit existing textures on 3D models directly within Photoshop Extended and immediately see the results. Photoshop Extended supports common 3D interchange formats, including 3DS, OBJ, U3D, KMZ, and COLLADA, so you can import, view, and interact with most 3D models.
Movie Paint
Enhance video directly within Photoshop Extended. Now you can paint, add text, and clone over multiple frames of an imported video sequence.
2D and 3D measurement tools
Extract quantitative information from images with new measurement tools. Easily calibrate or set the scale of an image, and then use any of the Photoshop Extended selection tools to define and calculate distance, perimeter, area, and other measurements. Record data points in a measurement log and export data, including histogram data, to a spreadsheet for further analysis.
Faster, more flexible asset management with Adobe Bridge CS3
Organize and manage images more efficiently with next-generation Adobe Bridge CS3 software, which now delivers improved performance, a Filter panel for easier searching, the ability to group multiple images under a single thumbnail, the Loupe tool, offline image browsing, and more.
Better raw-image processing
Process raw images with increased speed and superior conversion quality using the Photoshop Camera Raw plug-in, which now adds support for JPEG and TIFF formats; new tools including Fill Light and Dust Busting; compatibility with Adobe Photoshop Lightroom software; and support for over 150 camera models.
Enhanced Vanishing Point with 3D support
Edit in perspective on multiple surfaces — even those connected at angles other than 90 degrees — with the enhanced Vanishing Point, which also lets you measure in perspective; wrap graphics, images, and text around multiple planes; and output 2D planes as 3D models.
Wide range of supported formats
Import and export an even greater range of file formats, including PSD, BMP, DICOM, Cineon, JPEG, JPEG2000, OpenEXR, PNG, Targa, and TIFF.
Includes:
- New! Completely redesigned user interface.
- New! Fully customizable Windows & Shortcuts layouts.
- New! Smart filter.
- New! Auto Align & Auto Blend tool.
- New! Quick Select tool.
- New! Black & White Conversion control.
- Improved to camera raw.
- Improved cloning and healing.
- Improved curves controls.
- Improved printing controls.
- Improved bridge.
Applications:
- Adobe Photoshop CS3
- Adobe ExtendScript Toolkit CS3
- Adobe Bridge CS3
- Adobe Device Central CS3
- Adobe Stock Photos CS3
Code :
Keygen :
Pass :
www.theviperfiles.com
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Adobe Premier CS3 Pro Final Retail
Tell your story with maximum impact using Adobe Premiere Pro CS3 software, the start-to-finish solution for efficient video production that now includes Adobe OnLocation CS3 (Windows only) and Adobe Encore CS3. Save time from on-set capture using Adobe OnLocation through to output, expand your creative options via integration with Adobe After Effects CS3 Professional and Photoshop CS3 software, and deliver your content to DVD, Blu-ray Disc, the web, and mobile devices. Features:
* Efficient tools for creative editing
Create high-quality visual and editorial effects directly within the editing timeline. Generate slow motion and other time-remapping effects with precise keyframe control and real-time feedback. Add color correction, lighting and other effects, audio filters, and more with fast, flexible, built-in tools. Edit footage from multicam shoots with ease and precision.
* Comprehensive video-format compatibility
Work with the formats you want. Edit all standard- or high-definition formats, from DV and HDV to HD and beyond (some formats may require additional hardware).
* Broad range of supporting hardware and software for Mac and Windows
Choose from a wide range of Mac and Windows® workstations and capture cards to build the editing system that meets your needs and budget. Enhance your system with additional plug-ins, including many from Adobe® After Effects® software.
* DVD and Blu-ray Disc output with included Adobe Encore® CS3
Create DVD and Blu-ray Discs with Adobe Encore CS3 software, now included with Adobe Premiere® Pro CS3. Work with the same Adobe Encore authoring interface and features used to create standard-definition DVDs. Author once, deliver to three formats: automatically convert your high-definition Blu-ray Disc projects into standard-definition DVDs and interactive versions for the web.
* Superior integration with other Adobe applications
Make the leading still and motion graphics applications, Adobe Photoshop® and After Effects, part of an efficient post-production workflow. Import and animate Photoshop layers. Automatically create Photoshop files that match the current project’s frame size and aspect ratio. Drag and drop or copy and paste clips and timelines between Adobe Premiere Pro CS3 and After Effects CS3 Professional.
* Direct-to-disk recording with included Adobe OnLocation CS3* (Windows only)
Save tape and time by eliminating capture from your production process. Record SD and HD video directly to hard disk using Adobe OnLocation™ CS3 software, included with Adobe Premiere Pro CS3. Instantly review each shot without shuttling tape. Adobe OnLocation automatically detects and flags problems to provide the best results.
* Professional on-set monitoring with Adobe OnLocation CS3
Maximize camera image quality during shoots by using Adobe OnLocation CS3 to quickly calibrate your camera, check levels, and monitor your signal. Use simple tools that function like their hardware equivalents to get results quickly and easily. The virtual reference monitor, waveform monitor, vectorscope, and audio spectrum analyzer help you avoid problems and improve quality when shooting.
* Delivery to the web and mobile devices
Make your video viewable on the delivery platforms of today and tomorrow. Export as SWF FLV files. Easily convert DVD projects complete with menus to SWF for web playback. Encode for delivery to cell phones and other mobile devices, and emulate playback on those devices to check playback quality.
* Improved editing efficiency
Work faster with powerful and flexible editing tools. Play video with nested audio sequences in real time without rendering. Replace any clip in the timeline with a new clip while preserving the replaced clip’s editing attributes and settings. Use shortcuts to switch between workspace panels and save time.
* Accelerated client review and approval with Adobe Clip Notes
Expedite review cycles and avoid miscommunication with Adobe Clip Notes. Embed video into a PDF file, e-mail the file to your client to review and add timecode-specific comments, and then view comments mapped to the Adobe Premiere Pro CS3 timeline.
Adobe Premiere Pro CS3 System Requirements:
* Min Hard Drive Space: 10 GB (dedicated 7,200 RPM hard drive for DV and HDV editing; striped disk array storage (RAID 0) for HDl SCSI disk subsystem preferred)
* Min Operating System: Windows Vista (certified for 32-bit), or Windows XP Professional or Home with SP2
* Min Processor Type: Intel Pentium 4, Centrino, Xeon, Core Duo, or SSE2-enabled AMD processor
* Min Processor Speed: Pentium 4 2.0 GHz for DV, Pentium 4 3.4GHz for HDV, Dual Intel Xeon 2.8 GHz for HD
* Min RAM Size: 1 GB for DV (2 GB for HDV and HD)
* Other Requirements: DVD-ROM drive, 1280x1024 screen resolution with 32-bit color, Microsoft DirectX or ASIO-compatible sound card
* Advanced Feature Requirements: Adobe-certified card for capture and export to tape; DVD+-R burner or Blu-ray burner; QuickTime 7; Broadband internet connection; OHCI-compatible IEEE 1394 port for DV and HDV capture, export, and transmit to DV device; Adobe-recommended graphics card for GPU-accelerated playback
Code :
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SONY AIO 2007
An amazing software to editing your video and audio file SoundForge 8d,Vegas 7,Acid Pro 6b,Cinescore 10a and DVD architect 4a That are the newest aplications of Sony , which are all of them on this AIO including the Keygen for all this apl.For more information about this aplications are on sony.com.
This SONY AiO contains:
* Acid Pro 6.0d
* Cinescore 1.0b
* Sound Forge 8.0d
* Vegas 7.0d
* DvD Architect 4.0a
* CD Architect 5.2a
* Photo Go 1.0
Code :
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PS2 Emulator For PC
Click-2U Playstation 2 Emulator is an emulator which can load Playstation 2 CD/DVD´s and run the game like A Playstation 2. This Software contains all BIOS for all Countries. Also has the best plugins for the best quality. The new version is 600% faster than the previous version
How To Use an Emulator:
1. Some Emulators have a folder set as the default for games, make sure the ROM file goes in that folder. If there is no folder automatically set, you will have to set one yourself.
2. Most Emulators have a (File>Open ROM) option, so do that, and a box will appear to select your game file.
3. Pick the game you want to play (The ROM file).
FAQ
1. Run at Full Speed, 600 time faster then the Old one.
2. Doesn't Support ISOs.
3. Play one PSX and PS2 CDs/DVDs.
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